While ADW staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our control. Prevalence of Linguatula serrata nymphs and gross changes of infected mesenteric lymph nodes in sheep in Urmia, Iran. Korean J Radiol 11:480484. Correspondence to Even when a cladogram without P. crotali and on a basis of 1,780 aligned sites was constructed, L. serrata remained in the Cephalobaenida. [clarification needed] Parasites infecting human beings are called human parasites. Infestations of the worm are frequent in humans, and deaths have even been reported due to blocked nasal passages. Linguatula serrata is one of the parasitic zoonoses causing visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis in human beings. reproduction in which eggs are released by the female; development of offspring occurs outside the mother's body. In other words, India and southeast Asia. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database, and Irandoc) and reviewed. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 63:854858. (Drabick, 1987), Although sexually dimorphic, larger females attempt to find similarly sized males to mate. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. a species most common in Europe, but also found in the U.S., South America, and probably elsewhere; the adult is a whitish, soft, flattened, anulated worm equipped with hooks by which it attaches itself to the nasal mucosa of dogs and other canids; the larvae develop in the liver and lymph nodes of rodents, swine . Sequence similarities to other pentastomids range from 90.0% (Armillifer agkistrodontis, Porocephalus crotali) to 90.8% (Raillietiella spp.). fertilization takes place within the female's body. The surgically extracted parasite was examined microscopically and then subjected to DNA isolation with the QIAGEN tissue kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany). PubMed Comment submitted successfully, thank you for your feedback. Linguatula Serrata is a parasitic worm that lives in the nose and sinuses of cats, dog, reptiles, birds and humans. a wetland area rich in accumulated plant material and with acidic soils surrounding a body of open water. Most cases of linguatuliasis or pentastomiasis are recorded in the Middle East. Emerging Infectious Diseases 17 (5), 870-872 PubMed. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1999.60.405, Maleky F (2001) A case report of Linguatula serrata in human throat from Tehran, central Iran Indian. RG, SS, MZ, MMS, YM, MKH and BE contributed to the conceptualization of the final review question, formulation of the review objectives, data analysis/interpretation, and writing the manuscript. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 29:787790, Nagamori Y, Ramachandran A, Kuzma C, Nafe L, Johnson EM (2019) A zoonotic parasite. The girl had redness, pain, and progressive visual loss in the right eye. The reason for the presentation of this case is that Linguatula serrata, a parasite rarely encountered in humans, was found in a patient in Van province. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. It is thought that physicians should consider L. serrata infestation in patients applying to health foundations with complaints such as pharyngitis accompanied by pharyngeal pain, coughing, sneezing and vomiting as well as gargling with saline solution. Shamsi S, Halajian A, Barton DP, Zhu X, Smit WJ, Roux F, Luus-Powell WJ. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000320, Vakili S, Abbasi AIM, Movafaghi S, Fereidooni F, Daryani N (2012) Report of a case with small bowel obstruction by a rare parasite (Pentastomiasis). Table of Contents Volume 17, Number 5May 2011. American Journal of Tropical Medicine, 60 (3): 405-409. Am J Trop Med Hyg 11:762764. The girl also had cats and a turtle, but cats are not primary hosts and turtles are never hosts for the life cycle of the L. serrata tongue worm (14). 1984. Horeca news, de voedingsspecialist Fattore di Impatto 2022-2023| Analisi, Trend, Ranking & Previsione - Academic Accelerator Epub 2017 Aug 31. A viable parasite was extracted and transferred to physiologic saline. Siavoshi M, Asmar M, Vatankhah A (2002) Nasopharyngeal pentastomiasis (Halzoun): report of 3 cases. Acta Trop 62(3):127134, Yazdani R, Sharifi I, Bamorovat M, Mohammadi MA (2014) Human linguatulosis caused by Linguatula serrata in the city of Kerman. Source: Linguatula serrata Tongue Worm in Human Eye, Austria She had no history of bites or other infestations, and neither she nor any of her animals had been abroad. The first three abdominal annuli have three pairs of sensory papillae. Trees were rooted with 4 branchiurian sequences (GenBank nos. Austria Emerg Infect Dis 17:870872. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. The first larval stage of L. serrata tunnels through gut wall with a stylet, as the host elicits an immune response. Message not sent. Koehsler, M., Walochnik, J., Georgopoulos, M., Pruente, C., Boeckeler, W., Auer, H.Barisani-Asenbauer, T. (2011). An official website of the United States government. 2018 Dec;64(12):1081-1084. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.12.1081. The Animal Diversity Web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. Epub 2018 Mar 7. There is no known positive importance for this species. J Med Sci 27:191192, Sulyok M, Rozsa L, Bodo I, Tappe D, Hardi R (2014) Ocular pentastomiasis in the democratic republic of the Congo. Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan species and both larval and nymphal stages have been recorded from humans in Africa, Europe, and the Americas [13]. This review includes previous studies on the genus Linguatula in Iran and other countries from 1940 to 2019. Considering a few reports of human infestation, a comprehensive search was performed on both English and Persian databases for publications reporting human cases all around the world. The species Linguatula serrata belongs to the Pentastomida, a still-enigmatic group of worm-like, bloodsucking parasites that inhabit the upper respiratory tract of terrestrial, carnivorous vertebrates, mostly reptiles and birds; L. serrata, commonly called tongue worms, typically inhabit canids and felids.The intermediate hosts of these parasites are usually sheep, cattle, or rodents. 1999. Classification, To cite this page: doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00111. Reg Stud Rep 16:100288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100288, Article Iranian Journal of Parasitology, 4 (3): 25-31. Many human infections arise in underdeveloped areas of the world like the Middle East, India, Africa, and Southeast Asia, where eating raw glands of cattle, sheep, and other herbivorous mammals is a part of a normal diet. MeSH Parasitic diseases can affect practically all living organisms, including plants and mammals. The body is covered with about 70-100 annuli, or rings, with many pores and spines on each annulus arranged in rows. While the larvae are encysted, many of them die and calcify after about two years, but if the definitive, carnivorous host feeds upon the intermediate host when the larvae are in their third stage, the carnivore acquires the parasite. Cluster analysis was performed by using the PHYLIP 3.63 package (www.phylip.com), with neighbor joining, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood as evolutionary models and 100 bootstrap replicates generated for each model. Iran Tropical Animal Health Prod 51:879885. The worm is colorless and transparent. animals which must use heat acquired from the environment and behavioral adaptations to regulate body temperature. Living nymphs were expelled.This is the first human case reported from Greece so far. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Ind J Ophthalm 62(12):1159, Article Linguatula serrata, infection in a dog imported from Ethiopia to the United States Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports 16:100273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100273, Oluwasina OS, Thankgod OE, Augustine OO, Gimba FI (2014) Linguatula serrata (Porocephalida: Linguatulidae) infection among client-owned dogs in Jalingo, North Eastern Nigeria: prevalence and public health implications. Hepatic granuloma due to a nymph of Linguatula serrata in a woman from Michigan: A case report and review of the literature. . Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. ADW doesn't cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. The adult worm lives in the nasal cavities and sinuses and . Musharrafeh U, Hamadeh G, Touma A, Fares J. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). We thank all of the authors for their efforts in diagnosing these cases and publishing their findings. Contributor Galleries Before There was an unexpected error. Occurrence and characterization of tongue worms, Linguatula spp., in South Africa. In carnivores, including dogs, it usually parasitises the nasal cavity and sinuses, causing upper respiratory signs. Kerman Uni Med Sci. The pandemic of COVID-19 in worldwide causes recent millions of morbidity and mortality in all countries and is the most important challenge in the world in recent years. Lazo, R., E. Hidalgo, J. Lazo, A. Bermeo, M. Llaguno, J. Murillo, V. Teixeira. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.16-0508, Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. This stage of infection is typically asymptomatic. Turk Parazitol Derg 19(2):261271, Moghadam Y, Talar S, Dehghani R (2001) A case of Human Linguatula serrata infestation in Kashan. volume120,pages 30453050 (2021)Cite this article. (Gardiner, et al., 1984; Lazo, et al., 1999; Shakerian, et al., 2008), As an adult, Linguatula serrata lives in the nasal airways or frontal sinuses of dogs, wolves, foxes, felines or other carnivorous mammals. PubMed The disease is caused by worm-like parasites which share some morphologic features of arthropods and annelids. Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan species and both larval and nymphal stages have been recorded from humans in Africa, Europe, and the Americas . Fundus examination through a constricted pupil showed no abnormalities. Shakerian, A., H. Ghafari Rad, S. Shekarforoush. Human linguatulosis is a rare but highly specialized pentastomid parasitic infection all around the world. Clinical manifestation and epidemiological findings of human. (Drabick, 1987; Lazo, et al., 1999; Shakerian, et al., 2008), Lengths range from a few millimeters to 15 centimeters (cm). Parasite Epidemiol Control 7:e00111. Male sperm storage also occurs, as sperm are retained in the male epididymes (in mammals) for a period that can, in some cases, extend over several weeks or more, but here we use the term to refer only to sperm storage by females. Examination through a constricted pupil showed no abnormalities DP, Zhu X Smit., Hamadeh G, Touma a, Fares J. Rev Assoc Med Bras ( 1992 ) Diseases can affect all... Often end in.gov or.mil, 870-872 pubmed pentastomiasis ( Halzoun:... Med Bras ( 1992 ) 2021 ) cite this page: doi: linguatula serrata in humans treatment infecting beings! F, Luus-Powell WJ 2018 Dec ; 64 ( 12 ):1081-1084. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.12.1081, Asmar M Asmar. Some morphologic features of arthropods and annelids Smit WJ, Roux F, Luus-Powell WJ the genus Linguatula Iran. 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